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PART 1 THE AGE OF THE PRINCE4

I. INTRODUCTION: THE WORLD BY LAND4

THE RIGHT TO WAGE WAR4

STATE SOVEREIGNTY7

THE FAMILY OF NATIONS11

COMMUNITIES IN REVOLT14

EXPELLED AND HERETICAL RULERS18

INFIDELS20

THE HANSEATIC LEAGUE24

ELECTIVE MONARCHIES26

QUESTIONS OF PRECEDENCE AND DIGNITY28

TITLES32

LANGUAGE35

NOTES TO CHAPTER I35

Ⅱ. THE WORLD BY SEA40

DOMINIUM MARIS40

PRESENT LIMIT OF TERRITORIAL WATERS53

NOTES TO CHAPTER II59

Ⅲ. INTERCOURSE: IN PEACE61

EQUILIBRIUM61

INTERVENTION69

DIPLOMATIC INTERCOURSE73

Officials73

Classes of Diplomatic Agents82

Consuls83

The Practice of Legation85

Diplomatic Privileges88

International Negotiation94

NOTES TO CHAPTER Ⅲ105

Ⅳ. INTERCOURSE: IN WAR107

BELLUM JUSTUM107

RIGHTS OF A JUST BELLIGERENT119

METHODS OF WAR121

MILITARY SERVICES, Ⅰ124

ARMIES124

CONTRIBUTIONS AND REQUISITIONS143

FORCED WORK BY CIVILIANS148

TREATMENT OF THE WOUNDED149

MILITARY SERVICES, Ⅱ152

NAVIES152

LEVIES AND SUBSIDIES FROM NEUTRAL POWERS162

MILITARY SERVICES, Ⅲ168

AIR FORCES168

REPRISALS AS A MEASURE OF REDRESS SHORT OFWAR173

Reprisals under Letters of Marque and Reprisal173

Obsolescence of Reprisals under Letters of Marque and Reprisal177

Modern Reprisals179

Reprisals and the League of Nations182

NOTES TO CHAPTER Ⅳ185

PART Ⅱ THE AGE OF THE JUDGE193

Ⅴ. TEMPERAMENTA193

INTRODUCTION193

DECLARATION OF WAR194

ENEMY INDIVIDUALS AND THEIR PROPERTY IN WARTIME196

DROIT DAUBAINE198

THE RIGHT OF INDIVIDUALS To EMIGRATE201

THE FREEDOM OF COAST FISHERIES203

THE TREATMENT OF PRISONERS OF WAR204

NOTES TO CHAPTER V209

Ⅵ. THE WORLD OF COMMERCE211

THE COMMERCIAL COMITY OF NATIONS211

THE OLD COMMERCIAL SYSTEMS219

NOTES TO CHAPTER Ⅵ226

Ⅶ. NEUTRALITY229

THF MARITIME POSITION229

THE RIGHT OF PASSAGE234

PORTS, HARBOURS, AND TERRITORIAL WATERS241

NOTES TO CHAPTER VII247

Ⅷ. THE EQUALITY OF STATES248

THE EQUALITY OF STATES248

ASSERTION of EQUALITY OF RIGHT BETWEEN NEUTRAL AND BELLIGERENT261

NOTES TO CHAPTER VIII267

Ⅸ. MARITIME THEORY AND PRACTICE268

CAPTURE AT SEA268

TREATMENT OF PRIZE278

SAFE-CONDUCT IN SPECIAL CASES281

CONTRABAND OF WAR281

TRAFFIC IN ARMS291

BLOCKADE296

THE EVILS AND ABOLITION OF PRIVATEERING308

THE BRITISH PRIZE COURT311

Atmosphere of the British Prize Court318

The Conception of Enemy Character320

Trading with the Enemy324

Presumption of Enemy Character325

COLONIAL TRADE AND THE RULE OF THE WAR OF 1756325

Port-to-Port Trade on a Belligerent Coast329

NOTES TO CHAPTER IX330

Ⅹ. CHANGES OF NATIONALITY333

MASS CHANGE, THE PLEBISCITE333

THE OPTION OF INDIVIDUALS340

NOTES TO CHAPTER X345

PART Ⅲ THE AGE OF THE CONCERT349

Ⅺ. AN EXPERIMENT IN MECHANISM349

THE EUROPEAN AREOPAGUS : INTRODUCTION349

LEGISLATION AT VIENNA, INTERNATIONAL RIVERS,THE SLAVE TRADE353

THE CONFERENCE OF THE AMBASSADORS, LONDON AND FRANKFORT CONFERENCES356

xiv THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW359

Am-LA-CHAPELLE359

TROPPAU AND LAIBACH365

VERONA368

THE ABANDONMENT OF THE CONGRESS SYSTEM370

NOTES TO CHAPTER Ⅺ377

Ⅻ.THE AMERICAS378

THE TWO HEMISPHERES378

PAN-AMERICANISM387

NOTES TO CHAPTER Ⅻ390

ⅩⅢ.ARBITRATION392

THE PRACTICE OF ARBITRATION392

NOTES To CHAPTER ⅩⅢ409

ⅩⅣ.DISARMAMENT411

LIMITATION OF ARMAMENTS411

HUMANITARIAN RESTRICTION OF ARMS420

NOTES TO CHAPTER XIV425

ⅩⅤ.THE CONCERT IN POLITICAL ACTION427

THE GREAT POWERS, GREECE AND BELGIUM427

THE GREAT POWERS AND THE COLLAPSE OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE437

THE GREAT POWERS AND THE CRIMEAN WAR442

THE PROPOSED ITALIAN CONFERENCE OF 1859451

THE POWERS AND THE LEBANON454

THE PROPOSED POLISH CONGRESS OF 1863454

THE SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN CONFERENCE OF 1864456

THE PROPOSED CONFERENCE OF 1866 AND THE CON-FER ENCES OF LONDON IN 1867 AND 1871459

THE CONFERENCE AT CONSTANTINOPLE IN 1876-1877463

THE CONGRESS OF BERLIN465

The Powers and the Execution of the CongressDecisions469

THE CONSTANTINOPLE CONFERENCE ON EGYPT IN 1882470

THE PROPOSED CONFERENCE IN 1908-I909471

THE CONGO CONFERENCE472

THE CONFERENCE OF MADRID IN 1880474

THE CONFERENCE OF ALGECIRAS IN 1906475

THE CONFERENCE OF AMBASSADORS, 1912-1913476

The Proposed Conference of 1914477

THE PARIS CONFERENCE AND THE PEACE TREATIES478

THE GENOA CONFERENCE482

THE CONFERENCE OF LAUSANNE484

NOTES TO CHAPTER ⅩⅤ486

ⅩⅥ. THE CONCERT IN ECONOMIC ACTION488

COMMUNICATIONS488

THE POSTAL CONVENTION489

ADAPTATION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW IN THE MATTER OF CABLES AND AIRWAYS490

INTERNATIONAL RIVER COMMISSIONS492

THE OPENING OF ARTERIAL RIVERS TO GENERAL NAVIGATION493

INTER-OCEANIC CANALS493

OTHER INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS495

LABOUR CONVENTIONS BEFORE THE WAR OF 19I4-I9i8496

THE INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATION501

NOTES TO CHAPTER ⅩⅥ502

ⅩⅦ.SOME TYPES OF TREATIES IN THE NINE-503

TEENTH CENTURY503

COMMERCIAL AND MOST-FAVOURED-NATION CLAUSES503

TREATIES WITH EASTERN NATIONS508

EXTRADITION TREATIES510

TREATIES OF SOCIAL PHILANTHROPY512

HEALTH CONVENTIONS513

INTERNATIONAL SCANDALS516

Slave Trade516

North Sea Fisheries and Liquor Traffic518

White-Slave Trafflc and Obscene Literature518

“REBUS SIC STANTIBUS”518

NOTES TO CHAPTER XVII525

ⅩⅧ.THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS527

THE LEAGUE527

The League and Non-Members534

Arbitration and Judicial Procedure535

Non-Poli538

tical Services of the League538

CONCLUSION541

NOTES TO CHAPTER ⅩⅦ544

INDEX547