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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE MICROPROCESSOR AND COMPUTER1

Introduction/Chapter Objectives1

1-1 A Historical Background2

1-2 The Microprocessor-Based Personal Computer System16

1-3 Number Systems27

1-4 Computer Data Formats33

1-5 Summary42

1-6 Questions and Problems44

CHAPTER 2 THE MICROPROCESSOR AND ITS ARCHITECTURE49

Introduction/Chapter Objectives49

2-1 Internal Microprocessor Architecture49

2-2 Real Mode Memory Addressing55

2-3 Introduction to Protected Mode Memory Addressing60

2-4 Memory Paging65

2-5 Summary68

2-6 Questions and Problems70

CHAPTER 3 ADDRESSING MODES72

Introduction/Chapter Objectives72

3-1 Data-Addressing Modes72

3-2 Program Memory-Addressing Modes94

3-3 Stack Memory-Addressing Modes96

3-4 Summary99

3-5 Questions and Problems101

CHAPTER 4 DATA MOVEMENT INSTRUCTIONS104

Introduction/Chapter Objectives104

4-1 MOV Revisited105

4-2 PUSH/POP113

4-3 Load-Effective Address118

4-4 String Data Transfers121

4-5 Miscellaneous Data Transfer Instructions128

4-6 Segment Override Prefix133

4-7 Assembler Detail134

4-8 Summary143

4-9 Questions and Problems145

CHAPTER 5 ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC INSTRUCTIONS148

Introduction/Chapter Objectives148

5-1 Addition， Subtraction，and Comparison148

5-2 Multiplication and Division158

5-3 BCD and ASCII Arithmetic163

5-4 Basic Logic Instructions166

5-5 Shift and Rotate172

5-6 String Comparisons176

5-7 Summary177

5-8 Questions and Problems179

CHAPTER 6 PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS182

Introduction/Chapter Objectives182

6-1 The Jump Group182

6-2 Controlling the Flow of the Program192

6-3 Procedures197

6-4 Introduction to Interrupts202

6-5 Machine Control and Miscellaneous Instructions206

6-6 Summary209

6-7 Questions and Problems210

CHAPTER 7 USING ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE WITH C/C++213

Introduction/Chapter Objectives213

7-1 Using Assembly Language with C++ for 16-Bit DOS Applications214

7-2 Using Assembly Language with Visual C/C++ for 32-Bit Applications221

7-3 Separate Assembly Objects230

7-4 Summary235

7-5 Questions and Problems236

CHAPTER 8 PROGRAMMING THE MICROPROCESSOR238

Introduction/Chapter Objectives238

8-1 Modular Programming239

8-2 Using the Keyboard and Video Display247

8-3 Data Conversions260

8-4 Disk Files268

8-5 Example Programs279

8-6 Summary285

8-7 Questions and Problems285

CHAPTER 9 8086/8088 HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS288

Introduction/Chapter Objectives288

9-1 Pin-Outs and the Pin Functions288

9-2 Clock Generator （8284A）293

9-3 Bus Buffering and Latching296

9-4 Bus Timing301

9-5 Ready and the Wait State306

9-6 Minimum Mode versus Maximum Mode309

9-7 Summary311

9-8 Questions and Problems312

CHAPTER 10 MEMORY INTERFACE314

Introduction/Chapter Objectives314

10-1 Memory Devices314

10-2 Address Decoding326

10-3 8088 and 80188 （8-Bit） Memory Interface335

10-4 8086， 80186， 80286，and 80386SX （16-Bit） Memory Interface341

10-5 80386DX and 80486 （32-Bit） Memory Interface348

10-6 Pentium through Pentium 4 （64-Bit） Memory Interface351

10-7 Dynamic RAM355

10-8 Summary358

10-9 Questions and Problems359

CHAPTER 11 BASIC I/O INTERFACE362

Introduction/Chapter Objectives362

11-1 Introduction to I/O Interface362

11-2 I/O Port Address Decoding372

11-3 The Programmable Peripheral Interface380

11-4 8254 Programmable Interval Timer406

11-5 16550 Programmable Communications Interface416

11-6 Analog-to-Digital （ADC） and Digital-to-Analog （DAC） Converters424

11-7 Summary430

11-8 Questions and Problems431

CHAPTER 12 INTERRUPTS434

Introduction/Chapter Objectives434

12-1 Basic Interrupt Processing434

12-2 Hardware Interrupts442

12-3 Expanding the Interrupt Structure448

12-4 8259A Programmable Interrupt Controller451

12-5 Interrupt Examples465

12-6 Summary469

12-7 Questions and Problems470

CHAPTER 13 DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS AND DMA-CONTROLLED I/O472

Introduction/Chapter Objectives472

13-1 Basic DMA Operation472

13-2 The 8237 DMA Controller474

13-3 Shared-Bus Operation489

13-4 Disk Memory Systems496

13-5 Video Displays504

13-6 Summary511

13-7 Questions and Problems511

CHAPTER 14 THE ARITHMETIC COPROCESSOR，MMX，AND SIMO TECHNOLOGIES513

Introduction/Chapter Objectives513

14-1 Data Formats for the Arithmetic Coprocessor514

14-2 The 80X87 Architecture518

14-3 Instruction Set522

14-4 Programming with the Arithmetic Coprocessor547

14-5 Introduction to MMX Technology551

14-6 Introduction to SSE Technology563

14-7 Summary569

14-8 Questions and Problems571

CHAPTER 15 BUS INTERFACE574

Introduction/Chapter Objectives574

15-1 The ISA Bus574

15-2 The Peripheral Component Interconnect （PCI） Bus584

15-3 The Parallel Printer Interface （LPT）592

15-4 The Serial COM Ports595

15-5 The Universal Serial Bus （USB）597

15-6 The Accelerated Graphics Port （AGP）604

15-7 Summary604

15-8 Questions and Problems605

CHAPTER 16 THE 80186，80188，AND 80286 MICROPROCESSORS607

Introduction/Chapter Objectives607

16-1 80186/80188 Architecture607

16-2 Programming the 80186/80188 Enhancements617

16-3 80C188EB Example Interface635

16-4 Real-Time Operating Systems （RTOS）642

16-5 Introduction to the 80286650

16-6 Summary654

16-7 Questions and Problems655

CHAPTER 17 THE 80386 AND 80486 MICROPROCESSORS657

Introduction/Chapter Objectives657

17-1 Introduction to the 80386 Microprocessor658

17-2 Special 80386 Registers672

17-3 80386 Memory Management674

17-4 Moving to Protected Mode682

17-5 Virtual 8086 Mode692

17-6 The Memory Paging Mechanism694

17-7 Introduction to the 80486 Microprocessor698

17-8 Summary706

17-9 Questions and Problems707

CHAPTER 18 THE PENTIUM AND PENTIUM PRO MICROPROCESSORS709

Introduction/Chapter Objectives709

18-1 Introduction to the Pentium Microprocessor710

18-2 Special Pentium Registers718

18-3 Pentium Memory Management720

18-4 New Pentium Instructions722

18-5 Introduction to the Pentium Pro Microprocessor727

18-6 Special Pentium Pro Features736

18-7 Summary737

18-8 Questions and Problems738

CHAPTER 19 THE PENTIUM Ⅱ， PENTIUM Ⅲ，AND PENTIUM 4 MICROPROCESSORS739

Introduction/Chapter Objectives739

19-1 Introduction to the Pentium Ⅱ Microprocessor740

19-2 Pentium Ⅱ Software Changes748

19-3 The Pentium Ⅲ750

19-4 The Pentium 4751

19-5 Summary762

19-6 Questions and Problems762

APPENDIXES764

Appendix A：The Assembler，Visual C++，and DOS764

Appendix B：Instruction Set Summary775

Appendix C：Flag-Bit Changes876

Appendix D：Answers to Selected Even-Numbered Questions and Problems878

INDEX896