Introduction to University Physics Volume TwoPDF|Epub|txt|kindle电子书版本网盘下载

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Part Two ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM，GEOMETRICAL AND PHYSICAL OPTICS515

25 Electrostatics517

25．1 Electrification and Electric Charges517

25．2 Electrical Nature and Structure of Matter518

25．3 Charging by Induction521

25．4 Faraday＇s Ice Pail Experiment522

25．5 Coulomb＇s Law of Force Between Electric Charges524

25．6 Systems of Units524

25．7 The Rationalized MKS System of Units525

25．8 The Electric Field527

25．9 Lines of Force529

25．10 Gauss＇s Law530

25．11 Applications of Gauss＇s Law532

25．12 Electric Potential535

25．13 Equipotential Surfaces537

25．14 Caacitors and Capacitance540

25．15 The Parallel-Plate Capacitor541

25．16 Capacitor Combinations544

25．17 Energy of a Charged Capacitor545

Problems553

26 Current Electricity559

26．1 The Electric Current559

26．2 Resistance and Ohm＇s Law560

26．3 Current Density，Resistivity，and Conductivity561

26．4 Dependence of Resistivity on Temperature563

26．5 Potential Difference and Electromotive Force564

26．6 Energy，Power，and Joule＇s Law567

26．7 Combinations of Resistors568

26．8 Circuits with More Than One Source of EMF570

26．9 Kirchhoff＇s Laws for Electric Networks571

26．10 Electric Measuring Instruments574

Problems580

27 Faraday＇s Laws of Electrolysis and Thermoelectricity587

27．1 Faraday＇s Laws of Electrolysis587

27．2 Thermoelectricity591

27．3 The Thermocouple593

27．4 Further Discussion of Conduction in Solids599

Problems605

28 Electromagnetism and Electromagnetic Induction609

28．1 Magnetic Fields and Flux Density609

28．2 Examples of Magnetic Force Actions613

28．3 Ampère＇s Law620

28．4 Applications of Ampère＇s Law623

28．5 Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Current-Carrying Conductors：The Ampere630

28．6 Induced EMF＇s631

28．7 FAraday＇s Law of Electromagnetic Induction634

28．8 Lenz＇s Law636

28．9 Induced EMF in a Rotating Coil636

28．10 Inductance640

28．11 Energy Stored in an Inductor642

Problems646

29 Magnetic Properties，Magnets，and the Magnetic Circuit653

29．1 Magnetic Field Intensity653

29．2 Paramagnetic，Diamagnetic，and Ferromagnetic Substances655

29．3 The B-H Curve658

29．4 The Magnetic Circuit660

29．5 The Concept of Magnetic Poles662

Problems667

30 Alternating Currents671

30．1 Rotating-Vector Representation of an Alternating Current671

30．2 Effective Values of Current and Voltage672

30．3 Circuit with Pure Resistance673

30．4 Circuit with Pure Inductance674

30．5 Circuit with Pure Capacitance677

30．6 Circuit with Resistance，Inductance，and Capacitance in Series679

30．7 Resonance in an R-L-C Series Circuit683

30．8 The A-C Parallel Circuit685

30．9 The Transformer686

30．10 Alternating-Current Meters689

Problems694

31 Electronic Principles697

31．1 Discharge and Charge of a Capacitor Through a Resistor697

31．2 Decay and Growth in a Circuit Containing Inductance and Resistance701

31．3 Differentiating and Integrating Circuits702

31．4 Electron Emission705

31．5 Thermionic Emission706

31．6 The Diode and Rectification710

31．7 The Triode and Amplification713

31．8 The Cathode Ray Oscilloscope716

31．9 The Photoelectric Effect718

31．10 The X-Ray Tube720

31．11 The Geiger and Scintillation Counters722

31．12 The Semiconductor Diode Rectifier726

31．13 The Transistor as an Amplifier730

31．14 Electric Oscillations and Electromagnetic Waves733

Problems737

32 Reflection and Refraction741

32．1 Reflection of Light742

32．2 Refraction of Light744

32．3 Total Internal Reflection747

32．4 The Refracting Prism749

32．5 The Spherical Refracting Surface752

32．6 The Plane Refracting Surface756

32．7 Magnification Produced by a Spherical Refracting Surface757

32．8 The Spherical Mirror758

32．9 Graphical Method for Mirrors762

32．10 Summary of Signs for Use in Refraction and Mirror Equations764

Problems773

33 The Spherical Lens，Aberrations，and Optical Instruments783

33．1 Converging and Diverging Lenses783

33．2 The Thin-Lens Equations785

33．3 Graphical Method for Thin Lenses789

33．4 Lens Aberrations791

33．5 Optical Instruments800

33．6 Photometric Concepts808

Problems815

34 Interference and Diffraction821

34．1 Interference from a Double Slit821

34．2 Phase Change on Reflection825

34．3 Interference from a Film827

34．4 Newton＇s Rings830

34．5 The Michelson Interferometer833

34．6 Diffraction of Light839

34．7 Fresnel Diffraction840

34．8 Fraunhofer Diffraction849

34．9 X-Ray Diffraction860

Problems866

35 Polarization871

35．1 The Meaning of Polarization871

35．2 Polarization by Reflection and Refraction873

35．3 Polarization by Double Refraction876

35．4 Huygens＇ Wavelets for Double Refraction878

35．5 The Nicol Prism879

35．6 Polarization by Absorption880

35．7 Polarization by Scattering881

35．8 Elliptically and Circularly Polarized Light882

35．9 Other Polarization Effects886

Problems888

Part Three ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS891

36 Spectra and Quantum Theory893

36．1 Optical Spectra and Spectral Series893

36．2 Quantum Concepts and Bohr＇s Theory of the Hydrogen Atom896

36．3 Waves and Particles903

36．4 The Method of Wave and Quantum Mechanics907

36．5 The Uncertainty Principle911

36．6 The Principle of Complementarity915

Problems917

37 Nuclear Phenomena921

37．1 Radioactivity921

37．2 The Law of Radioactive Disintegration，and the Radioactive Series925

37．3 Absorption of Gamma-Rays or X-rays929

37．4 The Nuclear-Reaction Equation933

37．5 Induced Radioactivity937

37．6 Binding Energies of Nuclei941

37．7 The Force Between Nucleons944

Problems948

Appendix951

Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems961

Index967