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FROM‘9-11’TO THE‘IRAQ WAR 2003’ INTERNATIONAL LAW IN AN AGE OF COMPLEXITYPDF|Epub|txt|kindle电子书版本网盘下载

DOMINIC 著
出版社： OXFORD AND PORTLAND，OREGON
ISBN：
出版时间：2004
标注页数：380页
文件大小：95MB
文件页数：393页
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图书目录

Introduction1

1 War and the International Legal Order4

1.1 The Paradoxical International Legal Order of the Twentieth Century4

1.2 The Roles of International Law and of International Lawyers6

1.3 An Age of Complexity？7

1.4 ‘9-11’: A Turning or Tipping Point？8

2 From ‘9-11’ to the ‘Iraq War 2003’9

2.1 The Attacks on the United States on 11 September 20019

2.2 The Iraq War 200311

2.2.1 Shifting the Focus11

2.2.2 The Debate in the United Kingdom12

2.2.3 ‘New’ Europe and ‘Old’ Europe13

2.2.4 Crisis in NATO14

2.2.5 Worldwide Protests15

2.2.6 International Lawyers16

2.2.7 Operatiou Iraqi Freedom16

2.3 The Link Between ‘9-11’ and the ‘Iraq War 2003’17

2.3.1 Making the Link17

2.3.2 The US Perspective18

2.4 The Legal Categorisation of the Attacks on the US on 11 September 200120

2.5 ‘9-11’ as a Turning or Tipping Point20

2.6 ‘9-11’ as a Turning Point for International Law？22

3 International Law and the Wars on Terrorism and on Iraq24

3.1 The ‘War on Terrorism’24

3.2 The Security Council’s Counter-Terrorism Committee25

3.3 Action by Regional Organisations26

3.4 International Instruments and Institutions on Terorrism27

3.5 The Objectives of the War on Terrorism28

3.6 Strategies in the War on Terrorism29

3.7 The ‘Axis of Evil’30

3.8 The Applicability of International Humanitarian Law to the War on Terror32

3.9 Human Rights and Humanitarian Law in the War on Terrorism33

3.9.1 Enemy Detainees33

3.9.2 The Establishment of Military Tribunals35

3.9.3 The Patriot Act36

3.9.4 Extradition to Third States37

3.10 Anti-Terrorist Laws in Other States37

3.11 Monitoring of Human Rights in National Emergency Laws38

3.12 International Humanitarian Law and the War on Iraq40

3.13 International Human Rights Law and the War on Iraq42

3.14 Interpreting Human Rights Law in Conflict Situations45

4 International Law and the Iraq War 200347

4.1 The Debate on the Iraq War47

4.1.1 Law and Morality47

4.2.Moral and Political Arguments52

4.2.The Legal Arguments on the War on Iraq52

4.2.1 Context52

4.2.2 Legal Bases52

4.3.Legality Based on Security Council Resolutions53

4.3.1 Security Council Authorisation53

4.3.2 The Cottnbination of SC Resolutions55

4.3.3 Resolution 67858

4.3.4 Resolution 144158

4.3.5 The ‘Material Breach’ Argntnent62

4.3.6 Autotnaticity64

4.3.7 The ‘Second Resolntion’65

4.3.8 An Appraisal of the Legality Argument66

4.4.Legality Based on Self-Defence67

4.4.1 Self- Defence and the US’s National Security Strategy:Pre-emptive Self-Defence67

4.4.2 Critics of Pre-emptive Self-Defence71

4.4.3 The UK and Pre-emptive Self Defence73

4.4.4 The Responses of Other States to the Idea of Pre-emptive Self-Defence74

4.4.5 An Assessment of Pre-emptive Self-Defence75

4.5 Legality Based on Humanitarian Intervention77

4.6 The Legal Argument Against the War in Iraq78

4.6.1 No Security Council Anthorisation78

4.6.2 Resolution 144179

4.6.3 The Absence of a Second Resohution81

4.7 Conclusion85

5 The United States and the International Legal System87

5.1 The Value of International Law and International Institutions87

5.2 State Responsibility and Rogue States89

5.3 The Interpretation of International Law Rights:Pre-emptive Self-Defence91

5.4 The Interpretation of Security Council Resolutions91

5.5 The Global Responsibilities of the United States94

5.6 Multilateralism and Institutionalism95

5.7 The Role of Evidence and of International Inspectors96

5.7.1 Pnblic Discussion96

5.7.2 The Evidence of the International Inspectors96

5.7.3 The Evidence of the UK and the US97

5.7.4 The Evaluation of the Evidence98

5.7.5 The Credibility of the UK Evidence: the ‘Sexed Up’Dossier？99

5.7.6 The Hntton Inqniry105

5.7.7 The Credibility of the US Evidence114

5.7.8 The Importance of Evidence116

5.8 The International Role of the European Union116

5.9 Nation States and Foreign Policy119

5.10 Conclusion120

6 Winning the Peace: An Iraq For the Iraqis122

6.1 The Responsibilities of the Victors122

6.2 ‘Regime Change’——A Post—Saddam Hussein Iraq123

6.3 Security in Iraq126

6.4 The Future of Iraq128

6.4.1 The New Iraq128

6.4.2 The Coalition as Occupying Powers129

6.4.3 SC Resolutions on Post-War Iraq130

6.4.4 The Role of the United Nations131

6.4.5 The Attack on the United Nations133

6.5 Political Organisation in Iraq134

6.5.1 De-Baathification134

6.5.2 The Iraqi Governing Council135

6.5.3 The New Plan for Iraq137

6.6 Economic Organisation in Iraq138

6.6.1 The Economic Challenges138

6.6.2 Humanitarian Relief139

6.6.3 Economic Reconstruction141

6.6.4 International Economic Aid143

6.7 Human Rights in Iraq143

6.7.1 The United Nations and Human Rights143

6.7.2 The UN’s Model of Human Rights144

6.8 Accountability for the Past146

6.8.1 Dealing With The Past146

6.8.2 The Iraqi Special Tribunal146

6.8.3 The Capture of Saddam Hussein148

6.8.4 Prosecutions versus Truth Commissions150

6.9 Weapons Inspections152

6.10 Measuring Success in Post-War Iraq153

6.11 Conclusion153

7 World Order（s） for the Twenty-First Century155

7.1 Introduction155

7.2 Challenges to the Post-1945 Legal Order155

7.3 Complexity and World Order157

7.4 Terrorism and World Order158

7.5 The Clash of Civilisations160

7.5.1 Islamic Fttndamentalisrn160

7.5.2 The Iraq War as a Clash of Civilisations？160

7.5.3 Terrorism versus Liberalism161

7.5.4 Assessing Islamic Fundamentalism161

7.6 The Refah Partisi Case163

7.6.1 The Position under Turkish Law163

7.6.2 The Challenge under the European Convention on Human Rights164

7.6.3 Democracy， Religion and the European Convention onHuman Rights165

7.6.4 A Plurality of Legal Systems166

7.6.5 The Sharia and Democracy167

7.6.6 Religious States and Secular States168

7.7 Change in the Middle East168

7.8 After Iraq， Who is Next？169

7.9 Post-‘9-11’ Developments in the Middle East170

7.10 Democratisation in the Middle East174

7.11 The Effects of the War on Terrorism and the War on Iraq on International Security176

7.12 The Effects of the War on Terrorism and the War on Iraq on International Legal Order178

7.13 What Future for the United Nations？180

7.14 Did the War on Iraq Harm the War on Terrorism？185

7.15 The Iraq War——The Judgments of History191

7.16 A New American Empire？192

7.17 Did ‘9-11’ Change the World？196

7.18 Not Another War——The ‘War of Ideas’196

7.19 The Day the World Shook198

DOCUMENTS201

Appendix Ⅰ: President Bush’s Address to the United Nations General Assembly in 2001， 1o November 2001203

Appendix Ⅱ: The United States President’s State of the Union Address 2002， 29 January 2002207

Appendix Ⅲ: The National Security Strategy of the United States of America， 17 September 2002213

Appendix Ⅳ: Iraq’s Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Assessment of the British Government， 24 September 2002235

Appendix Ⅴ: Presentation of Colin Powell， United States Secretary of State， to the United Nations Security Council， on ‘Iraq——Failing to Disarm’， 5 February 2003264

Appendix Ⅵ: Hans Blix （Chairman of UNSCOM）: Briefingto the Security Council， 14 February 2003281

Appendix Ⅶ: The Advice of the United Kingdom Attorney-General， Lord Goldsmith， on ‘The Legal Basis for the Use of Force against Iraq’， 17 March 2003286

Appendix Ⅷ: Iraq: Legal Basis for the Use of Force， Foreign and Commonwealth Office Memorandum，17 March 2003287

Appendix Ⅸ: United Kingdom Prune Minister’s Statements on Iraq to the House of Commons on 25 February 2003 and 1 8 March 2003290

Appendix Ⅹ: President Bush’s Address to the United Nations General Assembly in 2003， 23 September 2003304

Appendix Ⅺ: Remarks by the President Bush at Whitehall Palace， 19 November 2003309

Appendix Ⅻ: Observations in the Report of the Secretary-General [on Iraq] pursuant to paragraph 24 of resolution 1483 （2003） and paragraph 12 of resolution 1511 （2003），5 December 2003315

Appendix ⅩⅢ: Selected Security Council Resohutions on Iraq 1990—2003318

Security Council Resolution 660 （1990）， 2 August 1990318

Security Council Resolution 678 （1990）， 29 November 1990319

Security Council Resolution 687 （1991）， 3 April 1991320

Security Council Resolution 688，（1991）， 5 April 1991327

Security Council Resolution 1154 （1998）， 2 March 1998328

Security Council Resolution 1284 （1999） 17 December 1999329

Security Council Resolution 1441 （2002）， 2o December 2002335

Security Council Resolution 1472 （2003）， 28 March 2003339

Security Council Resolution 1476 （2003）， 24 April 2003342

Security Council Resolution 1483 （2003）， 22 May 2003343

Security Council Resolution 1490 （2003）， 3 July 2003349

Security Council Resolution 1500 （2003）， 14 August 2003350

Security Council Resolution 1511 （2003）， 16 October 2003351

Security Council Resolution 1518 （2003）， 24 November 2003354

Appendix ⅩⅣ: Selected Security Council Resolutions on Terrorism 1999—2003355

Security Council Resolution 1267 （1999）， 15 October 1999355

Security Council Resolution 1368 （2001）， 12 September 2001358

Security Council Resolution 1373 （2001）， 28 September 2001359

Security Council Resolution 1377 （2001）， 12 November 2001362

Security Council Resolution 1452 （2002）， 20 December 2002364

Security Council Resolution 1455 （2003）， 17 January 2003366

Security Council Resolution 1456 （2003）， 20 January 2003369

Security Council Resolution 1526 （2004）， 30 January 2004372

Index377