Pediatric X-Ray Diagnosis Third EditionPDF|Epub|txt|kindle电子书版本网盘下载

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SECTION Ⅰ．THE HEAD AND NECK1

THE SKULL3

Normal3

Anatomy3

Growth and Development16

Roentgenographic Appearance of Normal Juvenile Skull19

Congenital Dysplasias of the Skull33

Defects Associated with Meningocele and Meningo-Encephalocele33

Lacunar Skull of the Newborn (Lückenschadel,Craniolacunia)34

Symmetrical Parietal Foramens35

Congenital Craniostenoses36

Congenital Dermal Sinus45

Trigonocephaly45

Ocular Hypertelorism47

The Skull in the Congenital Skeletal Dystrophies47

Cleidocranial Dysostosis47

Osteogenesis Imperfecta50

Achondroplasia50

Dysostosis Multiplex (Gargoylism,Hurler＇s Syndrome)52

Osteopetrosis (Marble Bones,Albers-Schonberg Disease)52

Traumatic Lesions52

Neonatal Period52

Fractures in Infants and Children62

Infections of the Skull68

Early Infancy68

Infancy and Childhood68

Tuberculosis69

Syphilis72

Mycotic Osteomyelitis72

Leontiasis Ossea72

Hypovitaminoses72

Rickets72

Scurvy73

Vitamin K75

Diseases of Endocrine Glands75

Thyroid75

Gonads and Adrenals76

Parathyroids76

Polyostotic Fibrous Dystrophy77

Diseases of the Blood77

Hemolytic Anemias77

Leukemias83

Polycythemia Vera83

Reticuloses83

Eosinophilic Granuloma of Bone85

Neoplasms86

INDIVIDUAL CRANIAL STRUCTURES88

Nose88

Normal Nose88

Diseases of the External Nose89

Diseases of the Internal Nose90

Paranasal Sinuses93

Maxillary Sinuses95

Frontal Sinuses99

Ethmoid Sinuses100

Sphenoid Sinuses100

Temporal Bone101

Normal Anatomy101

Development102

Pneumatization102

Roentgen Technic105

Diseases of the Temporal Bone107

Petrous Pyramids111

Value of Roentgen Findings111

Sphenoid Bone113

Mandible115

Normal Anatomy115

Diseases of the Mandible118

INTRACRANIAL STRUCTURES124

Physiologic Calcification124

Pathologic Calcification126

Increased Intracranial Pressure133

Relative Growth of Brain and Cranium135

Microcrania135

Macrocrania137

Neoplasms139

INTRACRANIAL PNEUMOGRAPHY142

Technic of Encephalography142

Normal Anatomy143

Ventricular System143

Subaraehnoid Spaces,Sulci and Cisterns152

Subdural Air154

Intracranial Tumors156

Infantile Subdural Hematoma156

Congenital Cerebral Malformations161

Generalized Cerebral Hypoplasia and Atrophy161

Hydrancephaly162

Unilateral Cerebral Hypoplasia162

Cerebellar Hypoplasia163

Hypoplasia of the Corpus Callosum164

Hydrocephalus164

Obstructive Hydrocephalus165

Diagnosis of Hydrocephalus167

Value of Cerebral Pneumography169

EXTRACRANIAL STRUCTURES172

THE NECK175

Anatomy176

Physiologic Calcifications180

Pathology180

Pharynx and Cervical Esophagus181

Congenital Malformations181

Inflammations182

Foreign Bodies184

Neoplasms184

Larynx and Trachea185

Cervical Spine187

Congenital Malformations187

Traumatic Lesions190

Infections191

Neoplasms191

SECTION Ⅱ．THE THORAX193

EXTERNAL CONTOUR195

THE THORACIC WALLS201

Soft Tissues201

Bones205

Sternum205

Clavicles208

Scapula211

Ribs214

Diaphragm—Floor of the Thorax218

Hypertrophic Individual Muscular Bundles219

Displacements221

Congenital Hernia221

THE RESPIRATORY TRACT227

Fetal Respiration227

Normal Trachea and Bronchi228

Hilar Shadows230

Pulmonary Vessels230

Peribronchial Lymph Nodes231

Lungs232

Pleura236

PATHOLOGIC INTRATHORACIC CHANGES239

Trachea and Bronchi239

Congenital Malformations239

Trachea241

Bronchi241

Bronchial Asthma241

Bronchiectasis242

Neoplasms246

Lungs246

Congenital Malformations246

Circulatory Disturbances255

Disturbances in Aeration256

Inflammations of Lungs-Pneumonia272

Pulmonary Neoplasms292

Rare Types of Pulmonary Disease297

Diseases of the Pleura300

Inflammations of the Pleura300

Hemothorax317

Chylothorax318

Pneumothorax318

Pyopneumothorax321

Pleural Neoplasms324

PRIMARY PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS326

The Portal of Entry326

Anatomic Changes326

Roentgen Appearance of the Primary Complex332

Diagnostic Value of the Roentgen Examination344

Local Complications of the Primary Complex345

Hematogenous Spread from the Primary Focus345

Extrapulmonary Primary Foci348

Sarcoidosis350

Pulmonary Mycoses350

Primary Pulmonary Coccidiomycosis352

Primary Pulmonary Histoplasmosis353

THE MEDIASTINUM357

Normal Anatomy357

Roentgen Appearance359

Diseases of the Mediastinum367

Congenital Malformations367

Pneumomediastinum367

Mediastinal Inflammations369

Mediastinal Neoplasms370

Esophagus374

Vertebral Column374

Thymus374

Normal Anatomy374

Roentgen Appearance379

Large Mediastinal Shadow and Sudden Death381

Neoplasms and Cysts383

Inflammations383

Thymus and Myasthenia Gravis383

THE HEART385

Normal Anatomy385

Growth and Development386

Roentgen Appearance387

Position and Shape389

Value of Different Projections392

Size of the Normal Heart392

Pathologic Hearts395

Generalized Enlargement395

Generalized Decrease in Cardiac Shadow401

Acquired Valvular Disease403

Pericardium409

Congenital Malformations of the Heart412

SECTION Ⅲ．THE ABDOMEN ＆ GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT445

THE ABDOMEN447

DISEASES OF THE ABDOMINAL WALLS449

Umbilical Lesions449

Thickenings of the Abdominal Wall450

Calcifications450

Peritoneum452

Acute Generalized Peritonitis (Pyoperitoneum)454

Chyloperitoneum454

Pneumoperitoneum454

Pyopneunioperitoneum456

Fetal Meconium Peritonitis457

Barium Peritonitis457

THE LIVER460

THE BILIARY TRACT463

Cholecystography463

Diseases of the Biliary Apparatus464

THE SPLEEN466

THE PANCREAS470

MESENTERY AND OMENTUM473

ABDOMINAL LYMPH NODES474

THE DIGESTIVE TRACT477

Fetal Function477

Esophagus479

Normal Anatomy479

Roentgen Appearance481

Diseases of the Esophagus483

Stomach492

Normal Anatomy492

Diseases of the Stomach496

Small Intestine505

Normal Roentgen Appearance505

Diseases of the Small Intestine511

Large Intestine540

Normal Anatomy540

Growth and Development541

Normal Roentgen Appearance542

Congenital Malformations545

Megacolon552

Microcolon556

Inflammations557

Polyposis561

SECTION Ⅳ．THE PELVIS AND GENITO-URINARY TRACT565

THE PELVIS567

Normal567

Roentgen Appearance568

Normal Variations573

Congenital Malformations581

Diseases of the Pelvis593

Intrinsic Generalized Skeletal Dystrophies593

Fractures of the Pelvis594

Ischiopubic Ostcochondrosis Juvenilis594

Osteitis of the Pelvic Bones596

Hypovitaminosis596

Coxa Vara and Coxa Valga597

THE URINARY TRACT601

Normal Anatomy601

Kidneys601

Renal Pelvis604

Ureter605

Bladder605

Urethra607

Normal Roentgen Appearance607

Contrast Urography607

Excretory Urography613

Congenital Malformations618

Anomalies of the Kidneys619

Anomalies of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter621

Developmental Anomalies of the Bladder623

Anomalies of the Urethra625

Urinarv Obstruction626

Roentgen Appearance at Different Levels628

Urinary Calculi634

Urinary Infections637

Urinary Tuberculosis638

Traumatic Lesions638

Neoplasms638

THE ADRENAL GLANDS643

THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM649

SECTION Ⅴ．THE EXTREMITIES655

THE SOFT TISSUES657

Inflammations658

Neoplasms661

Calcification661

Foreign Bodies674

Interstitial Emphysema677

Muscular Dystrophies677

THE BONES681

Normal Anatomy681

Roentgenographic Appearance684

Microscopic Anatomy of Cartilage-Shaft junction685

Growth and Maturation685

Primary Ossification Centers685

Growth in Length686

Secondary Ossification Centers690

Constriction (Modeling)693

Velocity of Growth and Development694

Anatomic Variations703

Local703

Multiple Generalized and Scattered Normal Variants737

Diseases of Bone743

Generalized Undercalcification (Atrophy,Osteoporosis)743

Generalized Overcalcification (Hypertrophy,Sclerosis)744

Focal Undercalcification744

Focal Overcalcification746

Constriction (Tubulation,Modeling)746

Transverse Lines749

Alterations in Growth and Development758

Maturation of the Skeleton760

Congenital Malformations761

Congenital Intrinsic Dystrophies775

Traumatic Lesions820

Infections861

Avitaminoses890

Hypervitaminoses911

Bone Tumors916

Bone Changes Associated with Diseases of the Blood and Blood-Forming Organs934

Skeletal Changes in the Endocrinopathies954

Bone Changes in Diseases of the Central Nervous System964

Bone Changes Associated with Cardiac Disease966

Bone Changes Associated with Respiratory Disease966

Bone Changes Associated with Renal Disease966

Bone Changes Associated with Cutaneous Disease967

THE JOINTS972

Normal Anatomy972

Normal Roentgen Appearance976

Diseases of the Joints978

Congenital Malformations979

Traumatic Changes979

Infectious Arthritis979

Bursitis983

Tuberculosis of Joints983

Rheumatic Fever985

Leukemic Arthritis985

Osteo-Arthritis (Hypertrophic Arthritis)985

Rheumatoid Arthritis985

Intermittent Hydrarthrosis989

Cysts and Neoplasms990

SECTION Ⅵ．THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN991

NORMAL VERTEBRAL COLUMN993

Anatomy993

Growth and Development995

Primary Ossification Centers995

Secondary Ossification Centers997

Roentgen Appearance998

CONGENITAL DISTURBANCES1002

Malformations1002

Systemic Dystrophies1010

Achondroplasia1010

Dysostosis Multiplex (Hurler＇s Syndrome)1011

Osteogenesis Imperfecta1011

Osteopetrosis (Marble Bones)1013

TRAUMATIC LESIONS1014

Dislocations1014

Fractures1014

Traumatic Lesions in the Disks1016

Traumatic Disorders of Growth1017

Ischemic Necrosis (Calvés Vertebra Plana)1018

Adolescent Kyphosis (Seheuermann-Schmorl Disease)1020

Habitual Idiopathic Scoliosis1024

CALCIFICATION OF INTERVERTEBRAL DISKS1025

DISEASES INVOLVING VERTEBRAS1027

Infections1027

Nontuberculous1027

Tuberculous Spondylitis1028

Rheumatoid Arthritis1031

Syphilis1032

Hypovitaminoses1033

Vitamin D1033

Vitamin C1033

Marginal Lines1033

Endocrine Disorders1033

Reticulosis1035

Hemolytic Anemias1035

Neoplasms1036

Primary Lesions1036

Secondary Neoplasms1036

Tumors of the Spinal Cord1037

INDEX1039