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序 何泽荣1

第二版前言1

第一版前言1

2.1 International Specialization1

CONTENTS1

Part 1 Overview2

Chapter 1 Introduction to International Trade2

Chapter 2 Basic Theory of International Trade7

2.2 General Concept of Absolute Advantage and Comparative Advantage8

Chapter 3 Barriers to International Trade13

3.1 Sociocultural Barriers13

3.2 Economic Barriers16

3.3 Trade Barriers17

4.1 Why to c-commerce22

Chapter 4 E-commerce22

4.2 How to e-commerce23

4.3 How E-commerce Is Changing the Role of Intermediaries24

4.4 Using Technology to Be Responsive Customers24

Part 2 Terms of International Trade27

Chapter 5 International Trade Terms27

5.1 Generalization27

5.2 A Guide to Incoterms 200030

Chapter 6 Terms of Commodity43

6.1 Name of Commodity43

6.2 Quality of Commodity43

6.3 Quantity of Commodity46

6.4 Packing of Commodity48

6.5 Commodity Inspection and Customs Formalities52

Chapter 7 International Cargo Transport59

7.1 Modes of Transport59

15.5 Insurance Documents67

7.2 Clause of Shipment68

7.3 Major Shipping Documents70

Chapter 8 International Cargo Transportation Insurance75

8.1 Parties to the Insurance75

8.2 Marine Insurance77

8.3 Insurance of Land,Air and Postal Transportation84

8.4 Fundamental Principles of Cargo Insurance84

Chapter 9 Terms of Price88

9.1 Price Elements89

9.2 Pricing Methods91

9.3 Pricing Strategies92

9.4 Money of Account and Avoidance of Foreign Exchange Risk93

9.6 Clause of Price94

9.5 Use of Commission and Discount94

Chapter 10 International Payments97

10.1 Amount of Payment98

10.2 Payment Currency98

10.3 Instrument98

10.4 Payment Methods103

10.5 Factoring117

Chapter 11 Claims,Force Majeure and Arbitration121

11.1 Claims121

11.2 Force Majeure122

11.3 Arbitration123

12.1 Market Research127

Part 3 International Trade Procedure127

Chapter 12 Launching a Profitable Transaction127

12.2 Sourcing Contacts128

12.3 Tips for a Successful Negotiation128

Chapter 13 Exporting and Importing Procedures132

13.1 Export Procedures132

13.2 Import Procedures134

Chapter 14 Business Negotiation and Establishment of Contract139

14.1 Enquiry140

14.2 Offer141

14.3 Counter-offer143

14.4 Acceptance144

14.5 Conclusion of a Contract145

Chapter 15 Export Import Documentation149

15.1 Government Control Documents150

15.2 Commercial Documents155

15.3 Finance Documents157

15.4 Transportation Documents161

Part 4 Trade Forms172

Chapter 16 Agency,Distribution and Consignment172

16.1 Agency173

16.2 Distribution174

16.3 Consignment175

Chapter 17 Tenders178

17.1 Invitation for Bids179

17.2 Submission of Tenders181

17.3 Bid Opening182

17.4 Evaluation of Tender182

17.6 Establishment of Contract183

17.5 Tender Discussions and Tender Decision183

17.7 Execution of Contract185

Chapter 18 Futures Trading189

18.1 Introduction to Futures Trading189

18.2 Futures Market190

18.3 Futures Contract192

18.4 Hedging193

Chapter 19 Counter trade196

19.1 Barter197

19.2 Counterpurchase197

19.3 Compensation Trade198

19.4 Switch Trade198

19.5 Offset199

20.1 WTO:an Overview203

Chapter 20 WTO:Objectives,Functions and Basic Principles203

Part 5 WTO and Globalization of Trade203

20.2 WTO:Objectives,Functions and Basic Principles206

Chapter 21 WTO:Structure212

21.1 WTO Organization Structure212

21.2 Ministerial Conference and China's Accession:Doha,2001215

21.3 The WTO Secretariat216

Chapter 22 Overview of WTO Agreements218

22.1 Some Interpretations219

22.2 A Navigational Guide to the WTO Agreements219

Chapter 23 Globalization of Trade and Future of Global Trade223

23.1 Globalization of Trade223

23.2 The Future of Global Trade226

Appendix:Glossary of International Trade Terms with English-Chinese Interpretations232

Bibliography271