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1．The Mode of Action of Poisons＆by C． P．STEWART and GUSTAV J．MARTIN1

Ⅰ．Introduction3

Ⅱ．Enzyme Inhibition7

Ⅲ．Factors which Influence Inhibition and Its Effects7

Ⅳ．Further Examples of Enzyme Inhibition；Antidotes12

Ⅴ．Conclusion15

References15

2．Gases，Vapors，Mists，and Dusts＆by J．C．GAGE17

Ⅰ．The Importance of Contaminated Atmosphere in Industrial Hygiene17

Ⅱ．Biochemical Control of Exposure25

Ⅲ．The Determination of Toxic Substances in the Atmosphere28

References52

3．Identification and Estimation of Volatile Poisons＆by HENRY C．FREIMUTH55

Ⅰ．Introduction55

Ⅱ．Qualitative Tests56

Ⅲ．Quantitative Procedures69

References83

4．Ethyl Alcohol＆by R．N．HARGER85

Ⅰ．Pure Alcohol and Alcoholic Beverages86

Ⅱ．＂Normal＂Alcohol88

Ⅲ．Absorption of Alcohol88

Ⅳ．Distribution of Absorbed Alcohol89

Ⅴ．Fate of Absorbed Alcohol98

Ⅵ．Pharmacological and Toxicological Effects104

Ⅶ．Determination of Alcohol in Body Materials；General Considerations116

Ⅷ．Directions for Five Methods of Estimating Alcohol in Body Tissues and Fluids126

Ⅸ．Breath Alcohol Methods137

Ⅹ．Medicolegal Interpretation of the Level of Blood Alcohol143

References147

5．Barbiturates＆by A．S．CURRY153

Ⅰ．Isolation153

Ⅱ．Identification160

Ⅲ．Quantitative Determination of Barbiturates174

Ⅳ．Interpretation of Results182

Ⅴ．Conclusion187

References188

6．Acidic and Neutral Poisons (Other than Barbiturates)＆by A．S．CURRY193

Ⅰ．Introduction193

Ⅱ．Isolation194

Ⅲ．Purification196

Ⅳ．Identification196

Ⅴ．Conclusion207

References207

7．Alkaloids and Related Bases：Identification＆by CHARLES G．FARMILO and KLAUS GENEST209

Ⅰ．General Introduction209

Ⅱ．Separation and Purification211

Ⅲ．Identification and Determination229

Ⅳ．Biotransformations268

Table271

Appendix：The Discoveries of Some Alkaloids and Related Substances，Their Tests，and the Chronological Development of Toxicology580

References587

8．Acids and Alkalies＆by VICTOR E．LEVINE597

Ⅰ．Mineral Acids597

Ⅱ．Organic Acids626

Ⅲ．Mineral Alkalies632

References636

9．Chemical Tests for Metallic Poisons＆by ABRAHAM STOLMAN640

Ⅰ．Reinsch Test640

Ⅱ．Marsh-Berzelius Test644

Ⅲ．Gutzeit Test648

Ⅳ．Dithizone Method654

Ⅴ．Special Methods for determination of Antimony，Barium，Chromium，Cobalt，Gold，Lithium，Manganese，Mercury，andThallium667

References678

10．Analysis of Residual Pesticides in Food＆by VICTOR E．LEVINE681

Ⅰ．Introduction681

Ⅱ．Physical Methods684

Ⅲ．Cleanup and Result of Chemical Changes in the Pesticide686

Ⅳ．Enzymatic Methods of Analysis688

Ⅴ．The Importance of Metabolites690

Ⅵ．Nonspecific Methods for Chlorinated Organic Pesticides693

Ⅶ．Qualitative Tests for Rapid Identification of Chlorinated Pesticides694

Ⅷ．Quantitative Determination of the Chloride Ion699

Ⅸ．Specific Methods for Chlorinated Pesticides700

Ⅹ．The Cyclodiene Insecticides707

Ⅺ．Organic Phosphorus Pesticides712

Ⅻ．Analytical Methods for Organic Phosphorus Pesticides713

ⅩⅢ．Carbamates717

ⅩⅣ．Dithiocarbamates718

ⅩⅤ．Organic Pesticides Containing a CN Radical720

ⅩⅥ．Organic Pesticides Containing a Thiocyanate Radical720

ⅩⅦ．Determination of Dinitroaromatic Pesticides721

ⅩⅧ．Determination of Dinitroaromatic Compounds722

ⅩⅨ．Miscellaneous Pesticides723

Appendix A：Partial List of Important Halogenated Compounds and Mixtures Used as Pesticides724

Appendix B：Some Important Organic Phosphorus Pesticides730

References731

11．Poisonous Plants＆by ARTHUR E．SCHWARTING737

Ⅰ．Introduction737

Ⅱ．Chemical Ontogeny and Taxonomic Distribution738

Ⅲ．Methods of Identification748

References754

12．Raioactive Isotopes and Compounds＆by ROBERT E．ZIPE and G．RICHARD GROVE755

Ⅰ．Introduction755

Ⅱ．Nuclear Energy and Radioactivity758

Ⅲ．Interaction of Radiation with Matter761

Ⅳ．Sources of Exposure and Contact763

Ⅴ．Radioactive Waste Disposal766

Ⅵ．Dosage Rate and Distribution767

Ⅶ．Methods of Detection and Measurement769

Ⅷ．Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action774

Ⅸ．Handling and Disposal of Bodies and Tissues Containing Radioactive Materials776

Ⅹ．Pathology；Acute and Chronic Effects of Various Organ Systems778

Ⅺ．Medicolegal Interpretation784

References784

13．Miscellaneous Determinations＆by ABRAHAM STOLMAN785

Ⅰ．Hemoglobin Derivatives785

Ⅱ．Halides792

Ⅲ．Porphyrins803

Ⅳ．Glucuronic Acid805

References807

14．THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE POISONING＆by E．H．BENSLEY and G．E．JORON809

Ⅰ．Introduction809

Ⅱ．Removal and Inactivation of the Poison810

Ⅲ．Symptomatic Treatment819

Ⅳ．Plan of Treatment of a Case of Acute Poisoning824

Ⅴ．Notes on Individual Poisons and Special Therapeutic Measures827

List of Poisons Discussed827

References847

SUBJECT INDEX853